The data used include weights of tigers that were older than 35 months and measured in the presence of authors. Large populations of wild boar inhabit the swamps of the delta. Tiger do kill Brown Bears occasionally if they are able to get a will timed ambush attack from behind Sponsored by PureCare Knee Protector Would a brown bear beat a tiger? A Kodiak is bigger than Ussuri brown bear. The bear's movements had been localized for 14 days,suggesting it had denned, but we were unable to locate a den site because light snow had covered most of the tiger and bear tracks. So, where do their paths cross? Further exacerbating the problem is that more than 90% of the population occurred in the Sikhote Alin mountain region. Soon, the tiger was seen ambling slowly ahead of them. [86] Six cases were recorded in 20th century Russia of unprovoked attacks leading to man-eating behaviour. By 2007, population density of tigers was estimated at 0.80.4 tigers in 100km2 (39sqmi) in the southern part of Sikhote-Alin Zapovednik, and 0.60.3 tigers in 100km2 (39sqmi) in the central part of the protected area. It could just be the low ability or inability of brown bears to climb trees (but cubs, due to claw shape and size for bears above a certain weight) and the low chance to escape from an Amur tiger by sprint flying that made the Amur-Ussuri brown bear a very tough animal like it is. Most brown bears are found in Russia, the United States, and Canada. [34], The ground colour of Siberian tigers' pelage is often very pale, especially in winter coat. [12] In the 19th century, several tiger specimens were collected in East Asia and described: The validity of several tiger subspecies was questioned in 1999. Based on phylogeographic analysis, they suggested that the ancestor of Caspian and Siberian tigers colonized Central Asia less than 10,000 years ago via the GansuSilk Road region from eastern China, and subsequently traversed eastward to establish the Siberian tiger population in the Russian Far East. Although the shaggy sloth bear, one of four species of bears found in India, has a fearsome reputation for unprovoked aggression, "As we watch in disbelief, it is followed by an obviously agitated sloth bear that begins charging towards the predator. Siberian Tiger known to kill adult brown bear - YouTube Nigel Marven: siberian tigers even be known to attack and kill adult brown bears. [28] The problem is that the[i][color=#000000][size=xx-large][font=Arial]tigers have limited endurance. Siberian tigers generally feast on elk or boar; but sometimes they eat wolves, and. So maybe tigers are just trying to protect their own, or they prefer killing large prey they can feed on for several days. After all, thats what they do daily. Camera trap surveys between 2013 and 2018 revealed about 55 Siberian tigers in four forested landscapes in northeastern China: Laoyeling, Zhangguangcai Range, Wandashan and Lesser Khingan Mountains. Wolves appear capable of escaping competitive exclusion from tigers only when human pressure decreases tiger numbers. [77], In 2005, re-introduction was planned as part of the rewilding project at Pleistocene Park in the Kolyma River basin in northern Yakutia, Russia, provided the herbivore population has reached a size warranting the introduction of large predators. Contact the AZ Animals editorial team. First hand accounts on interactions between the two species indicate that tigers occasionally chase wolves from their kills, while wolves will scavenge from tiger kills. Wells, who was out hunting for brown bear in Russia's Kamchatka Peninsula. [49][50], The effect the presence of tigers has on brown bear behavior seems to vary. A tigress easily destroyed an entire brown bear family (Adult female and cubs), WITHOUT AMBUSH: Here's what we do know for a fact about Amur tiger and Brown bear relations: 1) Tigers regularly hunt and kill brown bears and black bears, including adult bears. (Because she is one of the famous tigress after "machli". Many Siberian tigers possibly hunt brown bears because the latter delight in Siberian kills. The longest male measured 309cm (122in) in total length including a tail of 101cm (40in) and with a chest girth of 127cm (50in). This indicates that neither likes the other. who is interested! Amur tigers are carnivorous, and they hunt and eat large ungulates including wapiti, moose, boar, sika deer and red deer. However, most measure around 4 9 feet long and weigh up to 400 pounds in males and 298 pounds in females. Score: 4.1/5 (62 votes) . Actually the opposite occurrence of adult male brown bear potentially posing a threat to Amur tigers, even adult males, seems prevalent as assessed from kill disputes which appear invariably totally dominated by the large adult male brown bears weighing in excess of 300 kg (Miquelle et al, 1996; Miquelle, 2005). (Summer and Autumn) When bears are at their full-strength. Tigers strictly avoid adult male brown bears and there are atleast 2 cases of brown bears killing Adult male tigers while tigers have never killed an adult male brown bear. The ungulate complex is represented by seven species, with Manchurian wapiti, Siberian roe deer, and wild boar being the most common throughout the Sikhote-Alin mountains but rare in higher altitude spruce-fir forests. Additionally, targeted individuals from the North American ex situ population were sampled to assess the genetic representation found in captivity. The number of tiger bed sites indicated that the tiger had been in the area for at least a day. The proposed region is therefore unsuitable for the reintroduction, at least at this stage of development. This website uses cookies for functionality, analytics and advertising purposes as described in our, "Goodrich talks about his work, and about what he and his wife, Linda Kerley, have learned in their three years here. The largest Kodiak bear ever recorded weighed 2,130 pounds, while the largest ever tiger (Siberian) weighed 932 lbs. [32], The skull of the Siberian tiger is characterized by its large size. Vaillant spoke to authorities, including renowned biologists like Dale Miquelle and John Goodrich, and still you ignorantly dispute his source! Some scientists believe this may happen due to competition and revenge. A radio-collared adult male tiger killed and ate a radiocollared adult male Asiatic black bear on 5 December 1998. In addition, the Siberian tiger is not genetically identical to the Caspian tiger. ", "I heard it snuffing the air, and knew, it to be a bear. Recently, people have been killing bears because of an increased demand for bear feet and gall bladders, and I worry that this will effect tigers as well because bears are an important food source for tigers in summer.".. [8] Another difference is the climatic, with temperatures higher in Iran than in Siberia. He was following the tigers tracks in the spring snow, and while approaching the edge of a steep embankment, he noticed the tracks started being closer together. Carelessly a bear slowly goes by an ambush, suspecting nothing, and the tiger rushes out on it from above, its one paw claws under the bear's chin, the other paw at the throat, and the tiger bites through the neck vertebrae. He says that a brown bear "may" win, not "likely" win or "will" win, but may win, which means it will have a better chance then usual, but doesn't mean it will win. Individual variation is also found in form, length, and partly in colour, of the dark stripes, which have been described as being dark brown rather than black. The owner of the kill died from terrible wounds and the disfigured tiger, moving off like a drunk, didnt even bother with the fresh spoils of the kill." In 2015, morphological, ecological and molecular traits of all putative tiger subspecies were analysed in a combined approach. ", Behavior of Brown Bears During Feeding in the Sikhote-Alin, Tigers are stalk and ambush predators. The delta is situated between the Saryesik-Atyrau Desert and the Taukum Desert and forms a large wetland of about 8,000km2 (3,100sqmi). He was even told that tigers kill bears solely on principle, and will pick fights with bears and tear them apart: "Tigers attack and eat both black and brown bears on a fairly regular basis; this is striking because, ordinarily, no animal in its right mind would take on a bear. Surprise! So, scientists are currently trying to follow Siberian tigers tracks and habits to prevent other species, including brown bears, from going extinct. The bear has more mass with claws and stronger bite. [3] In northern Chinas Huang Ni He National Nature Reserve, poachers set up foremost snare traps, but there is not sufficient personnel to patrol this 75km2 (29sqmi) area throughout the year. However, it is very unlikely that a tiger could extract a bear from a tree cavity, and we believe the bear either denned on theground or was not in its den when the tiger attacked it. An adult grizzly, like its subspecies, is far more massive and stronger than the Siberian tiger. The Ili delta is therefore considered as a suitable site for introduction. The first feature is driven by environmental productivity while the second one by natural selection. Weightwise they are therefore comparable to the heaviest adult Amur tiger males weighed by scientists in the last 50 years (max non-adjusted 212 kg or possibly 225 kg) or retained reliably weighed in general (max non-adjusted 254 kg). In the Far East, during the middle and late 19th century, attacks on people were recorded. A wild male, killed in Manchuria by the Sungari River in 1943, reportedly measured 350cm (140in) "over the curves", with a tail length of about 1m (3ft 3in). Results support distinction of the two evolutionary groups: continental and Sunda tigers. Regarding level of aggressiveness of the Amur-Ussuri brown bear there are no real solid elements to judge it with respect of other brown bear populations. Here's a video in Russian, stating that the tiger is the usual winner over the brown bear in a fight: Timofei Bazhenov: "I am often asked: If the tiger meets the brown bear in the taiga, who will win then? Despite their well-documented 20th century decline, the researchers failed to find evidence of a recent population bottleneck, although genetic signatures of a historical contraction were detected. Overall, their results indicate the need to secure ecological connectivity between the two Russian populations to minimize loss of genetic diversity and overall susceptibility to stochastic events, and support a previous study suggesting that the captive population may be a reservoir of gene variants lost in situ. [10], The Siberian tiger once inhabited much of the Korean Peninsula, Manchuria and other parts of north-eastern China, the eastern part of Siberia and the Russian Far East, perhaps as far west as Mongolia and the area of Lake Baikal, where the Caspian tiger also reportedly occurred. The anti-poaching task force Inspection Tiger investigated both deaths, tracked down and killed the tiger. The winner in a tiger vs. bear contest, the bear will win. The adult male brown bear class appears instead virtually invulnerable from Amur tiger predation, as pretty much straightforward when considering size, mass, power and strength of healthy enough individuals and their very tough and aggressive disposition. Close examination by Corbett after he killed the animal revealed to him the bear was even bigger then what he had initially thought. [45], Prey species of the tiger include ungulates such as Manchurian wapiti (Cervus canadensis xanthopygus), Siberian musk deer (Moschus moschiferus), long-tailed goral (Naemorhedus caudatus), moose (Alces alces), Siberian roe deer (Capreolus pygargus) and sika deer (Cervus nippon), wild boar (Sus scrofa), and even sometimes small size Asiatic black bears (Ursus thibetanus) and brown bears (Ursus arctos). [3] An unknown number of tigers survive in the reserve areas around Baekdu Mountain, on the border between China and North Korea, based on tracks and sightings. It deftly makes its approach and with a single bite, the victim is rendered motionless. This feature does not necessarily translates into particularly high combative disposition in intra-species and inter-species conflicts compared to other brown bear populations, but there could be some positive correlation as well as an influence in this direction due to the peculiar presence of a dangerous large competitor such as the Amur tiger and frequent observed cannibalism particularly during periods of food shortage. [19] A study published in 2018 was based on 32 tiger specimens using a whole-genome sequencing for analysis. is reputed to have shot a monster individual in Nepal allegedly weighing 700 lb (317.5kg). [10][61] Numerous cases of attacks on humans were recorded in the 19th century, occurring usually in central Asia excluding Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan and the Far East. This disparity in signal may be due to several reasons, including historical paucity in population genetic variation associated with postglacial colonisation and potential gene flow from an extirpated Chinese population. The Siberian Tiger Project has been productive in increasing local capacity to address human-tiger conflict with a Tiger Response Team, part of the Russian government's Inspection Tiger, which responds to all tiger-human conflicts; by continuing to enhance the large database on tiger ecology and conservation with the goal of creating a comprehensive Siberian tiger conservation plan; and training the next generation of Russian conservation biologists. Footage of the incredible battle shows the. [104] The Manchu considered the Siberian tiger as Hu Lin, the king. 2:20. [31] [Chapter 19. The August 7 edition of the Cornish Guardian featured a report of the event. A viable tiger population of about 100 animals would require at least 5,000km2 (1,900sqmi) of large tracts of contiguous habitat with rich prey populations. A small population exists in China, but . As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases. In 27%, brown bears killed the tigers, and in 23%, there were no winners, and both survived. Here's a Russian text book scan of a fight between a tiger and a bear, in which the tiger killed the bear A hunter from Vladivostok saw crows circling in the forest. In 44recorded encounters between tigers and brown bears, the tiger initiated contact in 12 cases while the bear initiated contact in 8 cases. Tigers can easily hunt almost anything they want to eat. In the Sikhote-Alin reserve, 35% of tiger kills were stolen by bears, with tigers either departing entirely or leaving part of the kill for the bear. (2007), Miquelle, D., Goodrich, J., Seryodkin, I. Why? The authors proposed recognition of only two subspecies: namely P. t. tigris comprising the Bengal, Malayan, Indochinese, South China, Siberian and Caspian tiger populations; and P. t. sondaica comprising the Javan, Bali and Sumatran tiger populations. It also occurs within the Greater Xing'an Range, which crosses into Russia from China at several places in southwest Primorye. All tiger range states and countries with consumer markets have banned domestic trade as well. So why would a tiger pick a fight with such a dangerous opponent? Because it's very rare due to the fact that Brown Bears are more than capable of killing a full grown adult Siberian Tiger with a 200lbs weight advantage and twice as strong. It is possible that the tiger would patiently wait under the tree, till the bear is tired out of sitting in the tree and then it comes down, but more often in such cases the tiger would pretend to be leaving the place, whereas it would hide in a new ambush and watch the bear come down. Feces, urine and hair was used to genetically identify 30 tigers in this region. ", https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=WGvVohmSYXcC&pg=PT305&lpg=PT305&dq=dale+miquelle+on+john+vaillants+book&source=bl&ots=mHvGgqTB-d&sig=CaRAJvAaHADHkFi96um7djScTBQ&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwip5_jywdvcAhUDCxoKHdmsARAQ6AEINDAC#v=onepage&q=dale%20miquelle%20on%20john%20vaillants%20book&f=false. [76], In 2010, Russia exchanged two captive Siberian tigers for Persian leopards with the Iranian government, as conservation groups of both countries agreed on reintroducing these animals into the wild within the next five years. A report from 1973 describes twelve known cases of brown bears killing tigers, including adult males; in all cases the tigers were subsequently eaten by the bears. In most regions of Northern and Western Europe where brown bears nowadays still survive the most aggressive animals appear to have instead been gradually selectively systematically removed over the last few centuries favouring reproduction of individuals more tolerant towards humans. Do what you will, the victim is not going to recover, the power of the jaw is unimaginable" (Page 9).. http://www.wf.ru/tiger/book/The%20Amur%20Tiger.pdf. Discover the Little-Known U.S. River Gorge That's, The 9 Best Books About National Parks for Travelers, Brown Bear vs. Grizzly Bear: 4 Key Differences. I give some examples for tigers as I am discussing this predator here, but this feature is not limited to tigers only. Males on average weigh between 500 and 660 lbs. Actually I have to say that I have significantly more amount of evidence of sloth and Himalayan black bears seemingly challenging tigers (even resident males) then bear remains in tiger scats (which I did also find although quite infrequently). Dr. John Goodrich, the Director of the Panthera Tiger Program, recollects how he almost saw a tiger kill a brown bear. In 27%, brown bears killed the tigers, and in 23%, there were no winners, and both survived. But its clearly stated that AS A RULE, THE TIGER WINS, which means that in general the tiger defeats the brown bear in a fight. The tiger, if it ambushes the bear, especially from above, and gets hold of the back of the neck would usually prevail, but face to face, the tiger will often back down from an actual death battle. Considering that T-03 established his territory in June 1990, he was probably an animal not much into his prime at death. The 'once in a lifetime moment' a 660-pound tiger launched a ferocious attack on the world's deadliest man-killing bear has been caught on camera. [62], At 35 months of age, tigers are sub-adults. These density values were much lower than what had been reported for other subspecies at the time. In April 2014, World Wide Fund for Nature personnel captured a video of a tigress with cubs in inland China. However, they cannot run fast for long distances, so they typically ambush prey from close distances. [53] There are reports of brown bears specifically targeting Amur leopards and tigers to abstract their prey. [7], The Siberian tiger is genetically close to the now-extinct Caspian tiger. http://s1206.photobucket.com/user/WRR101/media/tbr1_zps63fe9314.png.html, http://i1206.photobucket.com/albums/bb443/WRR101/tbr2_zpseb1d38a7.png, Bear v tiger! Russian brown bears are the equivalent of our Grizzly. [65][66], Results of genetic analysis of 95 wild Siberian tiger samples from Russia revealed that genetic diversity is low, only 2735 individuals contributed to their genes. The . [98] In January 2011, a tiger attacked and killed a tour bus driver at a breeding park in Heilongjiang province. But have they ever confronted brown bears? The tiger had gone before they arrived: Vaillant actually went to the Russian Far-East and interviewed many top authorities regarding tigers and bears, from; Renowned biologists (Dale Miquelle, J.Goodrich included) aswell as other Russian biologists, hunters, natives, naturalists, locals, forest rangers etcand they all told him that the tiger completely dominates the brown bear and regularly attacks, kills and eats them. At first glance, brown bears may look larger and heavier than tigers. Warsaw, large male brown bears completely avoid and fear adult male tigers. [36], The faunal complex of the region is represented by a mixture of Asian and boreal life forms. across the remote wilderness for 4 days when he and his hunting . The largest tiger ever seen and killed by Kenneth Anderson nicknamed Gowndnorai shot in Amligola in the District of Shimoga in Mysore State, southern India, and described by him as having colossal proportions was stated by Anderson to be the most coward tiger he ever met (for me instead the tiger was just very wise, experienced and cunny while hunters and sportsmen instead like to be challenged by naif animals to appear braver heroes). Blood and claw marks indicated that the tiger climbed and extracted the bear from 2 different trees, one of which was a cottonwood large enough to contain a bear den. However, its condylobasal length was only 305mm (12.0in), smaller than those of the Siberian tigers, with a maximum recorded condylobasal length of 342mm (13.5in). [9] Exceptionally large individuals were targeted and shot by hunters. Undoubtedly black bears will be eaten as carrion if found. There were numerous reports of tigers preying on both brown bears and Asiatic black bears, but the relationship, it seems, was not that simple; there were also reports of bears killing tigers. [77] In December 2010, one of the tigers exchanged died in Eram Zoo in Tehran. Warsaw, you said Vaillants testimony doesn't prove anything and his book is just a "commercial" one, which is a joke! Not one. Males, on the other hand, travel unaccompanied and range farther earlier in their lives, making them more vulnerable to poachers and other tigers. Before there were drugs, darts, and helicopters, Russians used to capture tigers by chasing them in deep snow with dogs. In areas where wolves and tigers share ranges, the two species typically display a great deal of dietary overlap, resulting in intense competition. The animal was shot by the police. [57] Tigers recently released are also said to hunt wolves. A single injury can cause serious problem and with time procure death. Since Siberian tigers almost went extinct years ago, with only 40 individuals left in the wild, their relationship with other wild animals is of utmost importance for conservation. Oh how much blood got shed! His weight had dropped from 203 kg when weighed in 1st November 1995 to 170 kg (at full stomach) on 19th March 1998 following serious injuries (including cuts, abrasions and the two lower canines broken at the gum line and one upper canine half broken). [citation needed], "Amur tiger" redirects here. A tiger killed on the Sumbar River in Kopet Dag in January 1954 had a greatest skull length of 385mm (15.2in), which is considerably more than the known maximum for this population and slightly exceeds that of most Siberian tigers. The entrance to the den, located beneath a rockoutcropping, was too small for the tiger to gain access,but tiger hair around the outside and just on the inside ofthe den indicated that it had attempted to do so. Historical and contemporary data on the body weight of wild and captive Amur tigers in comparison with other subspecies", "Chapter 7. The distribution of preferred habitat of key prey species was an accurate predictor of tiger distribution. A feasibility study was initiated to investigate if the area is suitable and if such an initiative would receive support from relevant decision makers. In the same time period, four cases of brown bears killing female tigers and young cubs were reported, both in disputes over prey and in self-defense. And experienced prime / past prime predators, particularly solitary ones, are fully aware that to live to old age they have to stay out of troubles and remain fit. That means they use a surprise attack to catch their prey. Here's some sources from scientific literature that CONFIRMS that tigers dominate brown bears in head-on fights. ", http://ursusjournal.com/volumes/ursus14-2/Ursus%2014%202%20Seryodkin%20et%20al..pdf. The big cat turns around, and, We drove to a compound near the village of Kutuzovka, where I was introduced to a gray-haired, barrel-chested man by the name of Vladimir Kruglov. [60], Siberian tigers mate at any time of the year. It is said that tigers mainly feed on the fat deposits of the bear on the back groin and hams. Meet the 10 Largest Land Owners in Montana, Discover the Only Place on Earth Where Tigers Kill Brown Bears. [7] Large brown bears may actually benefit from the tiger's presence by appropriating tiger kills that the bears may not be able to successfully hunt themselves and follow. Tigers mainly feed on the bear's fat deposits, such as the back, hams and groin. One of the victims admitted to taunting the animal. In spite of low wolf population density at any year momma grizzlies are very much likely to encounter at least one and possibly several wolf packs that even if small in size pose a serious threat on small cubs unable to find safety on trees while mom fights on the ground. I would just remind that in Russian scientific literature the Amur-Ussuri brown bear is regarded as a very dangerous animal for humans, much more then the Amur tiger (Kucherenko, 1982, and others). [48] Ussuri brown bears, along with the smaller black bears constitute 2.1% of the Siberian tiger's annual diet, of which 1.4% are brown bears. If such an occurrence of a big adult Himalayan black bear male ferociously winning a dispute against a big adult Bengal tiger male occurred once, it can definitely occur in other circumstances either in North India and elsewhere. In 2 cases tigers attempted to prey on denned bears,once successfully and once unsuccessfully. Like it or not, but Vaillants testimony is as good as it gets, and he was told that the Amur tiger dominates the brown bear and rules the Russian taiga, fact. Knopf Canada, Toronto, Last edited on 27 February 2023, at 21:02, Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, Heraldic arms of the Jewish Autonomous Oblast, "A revised taxonomy of the Felidae: The final report of the Cat Classification Task Force of the IUCN Cat Specialist Group", A survey of tigers and leopards and prey resources in the Paektusan area, North Korea, in winter 1998, "Happy tigers: Siberian population continues to grow", "Sex imbalance as endangered Siberian tigers show signs of recovery", "Mitochondrial Phylogeography Illuminates the Origin of the Extinct Caspian Tiger and Its Relationship to the Amur Tiger", "Aperu gnral et spcifique sur les Mammifres qui habitent le Japon et les Iles qui en dpendent", "Revision der zur natrlichen Familie der Katzen (Feles) gehrigen Formen", "Tiger distribution, phenotypic variation and conservation issues", "What is a Tiger? I would therefore add that in my opinion these large / very large Asiatic black bears weighing some 200 kg can definitely hold their own with respect of adult male Amur tigers of similar weight and can even prevail depending from circumstances. In 44 head-on battles between tigers and brown bears, the tiger killed the Brown bear 22 times, and the bear won only 12 times. Results of this study indicate that their distribution is closely associated with distribution of Manchurian wapiti, while distribution of wild boar was not such a strong predictor for tiger distribution. Im not too sure if I believe that because large male brown bears are formidable. In fact, Siberian tigers actively hunt brown bears. The camera-trapping behaviour of adult Amur-Ussuri brown bear males reacting aggressively to sign of Amur tiger presence is understandable given their significantly larger size, strength and power on average even with respect of adult Amur tiger males, while it is hardly justifiable how a solitary relatively small animal such a sloth bear can dare on occasions to clearly deliberately challenge even a large resident male Bengal tiger behaving in such a way to more then likely peacing him off quite a lot. The zoo subsequently erected a taller barrier topped by an electric fence. Arguably there are even higher possibly reliable weights up to around 250 kg. During telemetry research in the Sikhote-Alin protected area , 44 direct confrontations between the two predators were observed, in which bears were killed in 22 cases, and tigers in 12 cases. It was April and regardless if the bear had hibernated or not (sometimes Asiatic black bears, particularly males, do not hibernate at the low latitudes of their range and just move at lower elevation) I believe he was much likely not at his yearly weight peak. Astonishing battle between two ferocious animals is caught on film but who came out on top, Siberian Tiger Interactions with Brown Bears & Asiatic Black Bears, Siberian tigers are menaced as Russian economy collapses, https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/cit 246197.cms, http://https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LWMlb1U7qLQ, http://www.shekardattatri.com/wow-moments.html, https://books.google.com.au/books?dq=Ne er&f=false, http://https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fg7Mulqigw8, http://https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lhr1e5MCGLw, http://https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uVfi3V7XQUU, http://https://www.youtube.com/watch?v= e=youtu.be, http://https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qD49KJWsk-Y&t=1s, https://shish02.livejournal.com/7269.html, www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-545399 India.html. [91] It was successfully tranquilized and taken for examination, which revealed that the tiger was anemic and gravely injured by a poacher's snare around its neck, with the steel wire cutting deeply down to the vertebrae, severing both trachea and esophagus. [95] After being released from prison, he worked in clearing the forest of old snares. [61] . Famous Amur tiger pt20 (M20) nicknamed Dale (also Dima) was first captured as an adult in November 1995 aged 6-8 years old and revealed to be an expert bear killer credited to have killed 1 Himalayan and 4 brown bears including adult females. It is not a surprise to me that hunters and sportsmen of the past have prevalently described the largest and oldest animals as very elusive, cautious and sometimes even coward. There are reports of huge Himalayan black bears in historical literature.